So many questions

[Viladin]

Alright, I'll help out here

5 ft. radius splash
Only applies to the direct hit, not the splash damage
Improvised Weapon rules, unless it's an actual weapon, or GM fiat.
If you looked at the spell descriptions, charm lasts for 1 round/level, and Will negates.
While I would assume so, the way it's worded, you just choose an element for your breath weapon, regardless of Draconic affinity.

^ What he said.